A prostate test typically involves two main components: a Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) blood test and a digital rectal exam (DRE). The PSA test measures the level of a protein produced by the prostate gland; elevated levels can indicate prostate cancer, but also benign conditions like an enlarged prostate (BPH) or inflammation (prostatitis). The DRE involves a doctor manually feeling the prostate through the rectum for any abnormalities. Neither test alone can diagnose prostate cancer, but abnormal results may lead to further investigations, such as a biopsy, to confirm a diagnosis. Regular prostate screening is often recommended for men starting around age 50, or earlier for those with a higher risk, to aid in early detection.